Do you have enough capacity of schooling in your locality? If yes, how much .
I think there is enough capacity of schooling in my locality but still some actions are needed to be taken to improve it. Let us take a look at Indian education system first and some data. Then finally the actions that can be done to improve it.
Education in India is primarily managed by state-run public education system, which fall under the command of the government at three levels: federal, state and local. Under various articles of the Indian Constitution and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, free and compulsory education is provided as a fundamental right to children aged 6 to 14. The approximate ratio of public schools to private schools in India is 7:5.
State governments and local government bodies manage the majority of primary and upper primary schools and the number of government-managed elementary schools is growing. Simultaneously the number and proportion managed by private bodies is growing. In 2005-6 83.13% of schools offering elementary education (Grades 1-8) were managed by government and 16.86% of schools were under private management (excluding children in unrecognised schools, schools established under the Education Guarantee Scheme and in alternative learning centers). Of those schools managed privately, one third are ‘aided’ and two thirds are ‘unaided’. Enrolment in Grades 1-8 is shared between government and privately managed schools in the ratio 73:27. However in rural areas this ratio is higher (80:20) and in urban areas much lower (36:66).
Much of the progress, especially in higher education and scientific research, has been credited to various public institutions. While enrolment in higher education has increased steadily over the past decade, reaching a Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 26.3% in 2019, there still remains a significant distance to catch up with tertiary education enrolment levels of developed nations, a challenge that will be necessary to overcome in order to continue to reap a demographic dividend from India's comparatively young population.
At the primary and secondary level, India has a large private schools complementing the government run schools, with 29% of students receiving private education in the 6 to 14 age group.Certain post-secondary technical school are also private. The private education market in India had a revenue of US$450 million in 2008, but is projected to be a US$40 billion market.
As per the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2012, 96.5% of all rural children between the ages of 6-14 were enrolled in school. This is the fourth annual survey to report enrolment above 96%. India has maintained an average enrolment ratio of 95% for students in this age group from year 2007 to 2014. As an outcome the number of students in the age group 6-14 who are not enrolled in school has come down to 2.8% in the academic year 2018 (ASER 2018).Another report from 2013 stated that there were 229 million students enrolled in different accredited urban and rural schools of India, from Class I to XII, representing an increase of 2.3 million students over 2002 total enrolment, and a 19% increase in girl's enrolment.While quantitatively India is inching closer to universal education, the quality of its education has been questioned particularly in its government run school system. While more than 95 per cent of children attend primary school, just 40 per cent of Indian adolescents attend secondary school (Grades 9-12). Since 2000, the World Bank has committed over $2 billion to education in India. Some of the reasons for the poor quality include absence of around 25% of teachers every day.States of India have introduced tests and education assessment system to identify and improve such schools.
Facilities in public schools
Poorly resourced public schools which suffer from high rates of teacher absenteeism may have encouraged the rapid growth of private (unaided) schooling in India, particularly in urban areas. Private schools divide into two types: recognised and unrecognised schools. Government ‘recognition’ is an official stamp of approval and for this a private school is required to fulfil a number of conditions, though hardly any private schools that get ‘recognition’ actually fulfil all the conditions of recognition. The emergence of large numbers of unrecognised primary schools suggests that schools and parents do not take government recognition as a stamp of quality.
Facilities in private school
Although there are private schools in India, they are highly regulated in terms of what they can teach, in what form they can operate (must be a non-profit to run any accredited educational institution) and all the other aspects of operation. Hence, the differentiation of government schools and private schools can be misleading. However, in a report by Geeta Gandhi Kingdon entitled: The emptying of public Schools and growth of private schools in India, it is said that For sensible education policy making, it is vital to take account of the changing trends in the size of the private and public schooling sectors in India. Ignoring these trends involves the risk of poor policies/legislation, with attendant adverse consequences for children’s life chances.
Types of schools
Government schools
The majority of students study in government schools where poor and vulnerable students study for free until the age of 14. An Education Ministry data, 65.2% (113 million,) of all school students in 20 states go to government schools (c. 2017). These include schools runs by the state and local government as well as the center government. Example of large center government run school systems are Kendriya Vidyalaya in urban areas, Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, for the gifted students, Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya for girls belonging to vulnerable SC/ST/OBC classes, Indian Army Public Schools run by the Indian Army for the children of soldiers.
Kendriya Vidyalaya project, was started for the employees of the central government of India, who are deployed throughout the country. The government started the Kendriya Vidyalaya project in 1965 to provide uniform education in institutions following the same syllabus at the same pace regardless of the location to which the employee's family has been transferred.
Government aided private school
These are usually charitable trust run schools that receive partial funding from the government. Largest system of aided schools is run by D.A.V. College Managing Committee.
Private schools (unaided)
According to current estimate, 29% of Indian children are privately educated.With more than 50% children enrolling in private schools in urban areas, the balance has already tilted towards private schooling in cities; and, even in rural areas, nearly 20% of the children in 2004-5 were enrolled in private schools.
Most middle-class families send their children to private schools, which might be in their own city or at distant boarding schools. Private schools have been established since the British Rule in India and St George's School, Chennai is the oldest private school in India. At such schools, the medium of education is often English, but Hindi and/or the state's official language is also taught as a compulsory subject.Pre-school education is mostly limited to organised neighbourhood nursery schools with some organised chains. Montessori education is also popular, due to Maria Montessori's stay in India during World War II. In 2014, four of the top ten pre-schools in Chennai were Montessori.
Many privately owned and managed schools carry the appellation "Public", such as the Delhi Public Schools, or Frank Anthony Public Schools. These are modelled after British public schools, which are a group of older, expensive and exclusive fee-paying private independent schools in England.
According to some research, private schools often provide superior results at a multiple of the unit cost of government schools. The reason being high aims and better vision. However, others have suggested that private schools fail to provide education to the poorest families, a selective being only a fifth of the schools and have in the past ignored Court orders for their regulation.
In their favour, it has been pointed out that private schools cover the entire curriculum and offer extra-curricular activities such as science fairs, general knowledge, sports, music and drama.The pupil teacher ratios are much better in private schools (1:31 to 1:37 for government schools) and more teachers in private schools are female.There is some disagreement over which system has better educated teachers. According to the latest DISE survey, the percentage of untrained teachers (para-teachers) is 54.91% in private, compared to 44.88% in government schools and only 2.32% teachers in unaided schools receive in-service training compared to 43.44% for government schools. The competition in the school market is intense, yet most schools make profit.However, the number of private schools in India is still low - the share of private institutions is 7% (with upper primary being 21% secondary 32% - source: fortress team research). Even the poorest often go to private schools despite the fact that government schools are free. A study found that 65% school-children in Hyderabad's slums attend private schools.
National schools
- Atomic Energy Central School (established in 1969)
- Bal Bharati Public School (established in 1944)
- Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (established in 1938)
- Chinmaya Vidyalaya (established in 1965)
- DAV Public School (established in 1886)
- Delhi Public School (established in 1949)
- Indian Army Public Schools (established in 1983)
- Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya (established in 1986)
- Kendriya Vidyalaya (established in 1963)
- Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan (established in 1958)
- Railway Schools in India (established in 1873)
- Ramakrishna Mission Schools[79][80][81][82] (established in 1922)
- Ryan International Schools (established in 1976)
- Sainik School (established in 1960)
- Saraswati Shishu Mandir (established in 1952)
- Seth M.R. Jaipuria Schools (established in 1992)
- Vivekananda Vidyalaya (established in 1972)
- Vivekananda Kendra Vidyalaya (established in 1977)
- Waldorf Schools (India) (established in 2002)
International schools
As of January 2015, the International Schools Consultancy (ISC) listed India as having 410 international schools. ISC defines an 'international school' in the following terms "ISC includes an international school if the school delivers a curriculum to any combination of pre-school, primary or secondary students, wholly or partly in English outside an English-speaking country, or if a school in a country where English is one of the official languages, offers an English-medium curriculum other than the country's national curriculum and is international in its orientation." This definition is used by publications including The Economist.
Home-schooling
Home-schooling in India is legal, though it is the less explored option, and often debated by educators. The Indian Government's stance on the issue is that parents are free to teach their children at home, if they wish to and have the means. The then HRD Minister Kapil Sibal has stated that despite the RTE Act of 2009, if someone decides not to send his/her children to school, the government would not interfere.
Things that can be done to increase effective use of schooling and to improve facility in schools
Here are 5 ways for Schooling.
1. Boost free education.
Poverty is one of the most critical and common problems in our locality. This is also one of the major obstructions in propelling the education in local.
This problem can be solved only if free education or education at very minimal fee is being offered.
This is certainly going to bring up the literacy rate as more and more parents will be eager to send their kids to schools if they are not required to bear the expenses of their education.
To those who come from very low financial background, the government must provide for their textbooks, library and laboratory facilities so that they are not left with any reason for not attending the schools.
2. Establish more schools.
Fortunately, with the changing times, the changes are being witnessed in the our society as well. There is an increase in the number of parents in rural India who understand the importance of education in their children’s lives.
However, there exists a problem of lack of ample number of schools in India.
Even if the private schools are established, they are beyond the pocket of common people because of being overtly expensive.
The solution can be found only if the government takes an initiative to establish affordable schools which are pocket-friendly to the middle as well as lower economic groups of the society.
3. Work on school infrastructure.
The educational institutions suffer a lot due to the lack of proper infrastructure. The schools in our locality do not possess adequate number of well-trained teachers.
If we are to lay the foundation of strong educational life, it needs to start right from the beginning and this can only be done if the school infrastructure is done well.
4. Bring innovative teaching methods.
The level of education has gone a notch up in urban areas with newer teaching techniques being introduced; the state of teaching techniques is still primitive and traditional in our locality.
schools are still stuck on inculcating rote learning in its students. This has to change.
These schools must start adopting concept learning to develop their students holistically.
5. Promote computer literacy.
Our country is progressing technologically; however, sadly, the imprint of this advancement has yet not reached to the rural areas. This has led to a digital gap in urban-rural India.
References-
Wikipedia, bloggerspot, government sites , census reports ,researches data , TV , news papers .
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